{"id":517,"date":"2026-08-10T22:56:28","date_gmt":"2026-08-10T14:56:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/?p=517"},"modified":"2026-08-10T22:56:31","modified_gmt":"2026-08-10T14:56:31","slug":"cpplearnday2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/cpplearnday2\/","title":{"rendered":"c++\u5b66\u4e60day2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ubuntu\u4e0b\u7684g++\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u968f\u7740gcc\u4e00\u8d77\u5b89\u88c5\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#D4D4D4;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(1 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>g++ (Ubuntu 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04.3) 11.4.0\nCopyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nThis is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO\nwarranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.5 12.75l6 6 9-13.5\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 003.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 006 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 012.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0118 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 018.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25 2.25v6\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">g++<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> (Ubuntu <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">11.4<\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">.0-1ubuntu1~22.04.3<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">) 11.4.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">Copyright<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">This<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">free<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">software<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">see<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">source<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">copying<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">conditions.<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">There<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">NO<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">warranty<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">not<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">even<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">MERCHANTABILITY<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">or<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">FITNESS<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">FOR<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">PARTICULAR<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">PURPOSE.<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f16\u8bd1\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#D4D4D4;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(1 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>g++ test.cpp -o test<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.5 12.75l6 6 9-13.5\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 003.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 006 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 012.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0118 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 018.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25 2.25v6\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">g++<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">test.cpp<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">test<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">string\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709string\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u8868\u8fbe\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5fc5\u987b\u501f\u52a9\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u8005\u5b57\u7b26\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6781\u5176\u4e0d\u4fbf\u3002c++\u4e2d\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6301string\u7c7b\u578b\u4e14\u81ea\u5e26\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684API\u8c03\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#D4D4D4;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(2 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>int main() {\n  \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49string\u7c7b\u578b\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u62f7\u8d1d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\n  string str1 = \"hello world\";\n  cout &lt;&lt; \"str1 : \" &lt;&lt; str1 &lt;&lt; endl;\n\n  \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u521d\u59cb\u5316\n  \/\/\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\uff0cc++\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u540d\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b58\u5728\n  \/\/   string();\n  \/\/   string( size_type length, char ch );\n  \/\/   string( const char *str );\n  \/\/   string( const char *str, size_type length );\n  \/\/   string( string &amp;str, size_type index, size_type length );\n  \/\/   string( input_iterator start, input_iterator end );\n\n  string str2(\"hello\");\n  cout &lt;&lt; \"str2 : \" &lt;&lt; str2 &lt;&lt; endl;\n\n  \/\/\u90e8\u5206API\u63a5\u53e3\u793a\u4f8b\n\n  \/\/\u8d4b\u503capi assign\n  string str3;\n  str3.assign(\"this is str3\");\n  cout &lt;&lt; \"str3 : \" &lt;&lt; str3 &lt;&lt; endl;\n\n  \/\/\u62fc\u63a5api append\n  string str4 = str3 + str2;\n  cout &lt;&lt; \"str4 : \"&lt;&lt;str4&lt;&lt;endl;\n\n  \/\/c_str \u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6307\u9488\n  const char* str5 = str3.c_str();\n  cout &lt;&lt; \"str5 : \"&lt;&lt;str5&lt;&lt;endl;\n\n  \/\/\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\n  for (auto it = str4.begin(); it != str4.end(); ++it) {\n        std::cout &lt;&lt; *it &lt;&lt; \" \"; \/\/ \u7528 * \u8bbf\u95ee\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\n    }\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl; \n\n    \/\/capacity()\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u7533\u8bf7\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\n    size_t strlen = str4.capacity();\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"str4 capacity: \" &lt;&lt; strlen &lt;&lt; endl;\n  return 0;\n}<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.5 12.75l6 6 9-13.5\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 003.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 006 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 012.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0118 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 018.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25 2.25v6\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49string\u7c7b\u578b\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u62f7\u8d1d\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  string str1 = <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;hello world&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;str1 : &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> &lt;&lt; str1 &lt;&lt; endl;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\uff0cc++\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u540d\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b58\u5728<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/   string();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/   string( size_type length, char ch );<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/   string( const char *str );<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/   string( const char *str, size_type length );<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/   string( string &amp;str, size_type index, size_type length );<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/   string( input_iterator start, input_iterator end );<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  string <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">str2<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;hello&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;str2 : &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> &lt;&lt; str2 &lt;&lt; endl;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/\u90e8\u5206API\u63a5\u53e3\u793a\u4f8b<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/\u8d4b\u503capi assign<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  string str3;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">str3<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">assign<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;this is str3&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;str3 : &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> &lt;&lt; str3 &lt;&lt; endl;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/\u62fc\u63a5api append<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  string str4 = str3 + str2;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;str4 : &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">&lt;&lt;str4&lt;&lt;endl;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/c_str \u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6307\u9488<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">char<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">* str5 = <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">str3<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">c_str<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;str5 : &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">&lt;&lt;str5&lt;&lt;endl;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">  \/\/\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #C586C0\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">auto<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> it = <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">str4<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">begin<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(); it != <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">str4<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">end<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(); ++it) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #4EC9B0\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">::cout &lt;&lt; *it &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot; &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ \u7528 * \u8bbf\u95ee\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #4EC9B0\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">::cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #4EC9B0\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">::endl; <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">    \/\/capacity()\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u7533\u8bf7\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u6570<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">size_t<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> strlen = <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">str4<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">capacity<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;str4 capacity: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> &lt;&lt; strlen &lt;&lt; endl;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #C586C0\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5f15\u7528<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5916\u53f7\/\u522b\u540d\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6307\u9488\uff08Pointer\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u50cf\u4e00\u5f20<strong>\u5199\u7740\u623f\u95f4\u53f7\u7684\u7eb8\u6761<\/strong>\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7eb8\u6761\u4e0a\u5199\u7740\u201c302 \u623f\u95f4\u201d\u3002\u7eb8\u6761\u672c\u8eab\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7eb8\u6761\u91cc\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u64e6\u6389\u91cd\u5199\uff08\u6307\u5411\u522b\u7684\u623f\u95f4\uff09\uff0c\u7eb8\u6761\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\uff08<code>nullptr<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5f15\u7528\uff08Reference\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u50cf\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u5916\u53f7\u201d\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u7f57\u7fd4\u201d\u7684\u5916\u53f7\u53eb\u201c\u5f20\u4e09\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201c\u7f57\u7fd4\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5f20\u4e09\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u7ed9\u201c\u5f20\u4e09\u201d\u4e00\u62f3\uff0c\u201c\u7f57\u7fd4\u201d\u8138\u4e0a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u80bf\uff1b\u7ed9\u201c\u5f20\u4e09\u201d\u53d1 100 \u5757\u7ea2\u5305\uff0c\u201c\u7f57\u7fd4\u201d\u7684\u94b1\u5305\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u9f13\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u4ee3\u7801\u600e\u4e48\u5199\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 C++ \u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4e2a <code>&amp;<\/code> \u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C++<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#D4D4D4;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(2 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>#include &lt;iostream>\nusing namespace std;\n\nint main() {\n    int a = 10;\n    int&amp; ref = a; \/\/ ref \u662f a \u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u5916\u53f7\uff09\n\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"a = \" &lt;&lt; a &lt;&lt; endl;     \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa 10\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"ref = \" &lt;&lt; ref &lt;&lt; endl; \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa 10\n\n    ref = 20; \/\/ \u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u53f7\u4fee\u6539\u503c\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"a = \" &lt;&lt; a &lt;&lt; endl;     \/\/ a \u4e5f\u53d8\u6210\u4e86 20\uff01\n\n    \/\/ \u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837\uff01\n    cout &lt;&lt; &amp;a &lt;&lt; \" == \" &lt;&lt; &amp;ref &lt;&lt; endl; \n}<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.5 12.75l6 6 9-13.5\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 003.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 006 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 012.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0118 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 018.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25 2.25v6\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #C586C0\">#include<\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #C586C0\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">namespace<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4EC9B0\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> a = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">&amp; ref = a;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ ref \u662f a \u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u5916\u53f7\uff09<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;a = &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> &lt;&lt; a &lt;&lt; endl;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">     \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa 10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;ref = &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> &lt;&lt; ref &lt;&lt; endl;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa 10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    ref = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ \u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u53f7\u4fee\u6539\u503c<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;a = &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> &lt;&lt; a &lt;&lt; endl;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">     \/\/ a \u4e5f\u53d8\u6210\u4e86 20\uff01<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">    \/\/ \u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837\uff01<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    cout &lt;&lt; &amp;a &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot; == &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> &lt;&lt; &amp;ref &lt;&lt; endl; <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4f60\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ref<\/code> \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c<strong>\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u50cf\u6307\u9488\u90a3\u6837\u52a0 <code>\\*<\/code> \u89e3\u5f15\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u6210\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u5f15\u7528\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u5927\u6b7b\u94c1\u5f8b\u201d\uff08\u6bd4\u6307\u9488\u7701\u5fc3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u6bd4\u6307\u9488<strong>\u5b89\u5168\u5f97\u591a<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>\u6307\u9488\uff08int*\uff09<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>\u5f15\u7528\uff08int&amp;\uff09<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>1. \u5fc5\u987b\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/strong><\/td><td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff08\u60ac\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5371\u9669\uff09<\/td><td><strong>\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u7ed1\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u503c\uff01<\/strong> <code>int&amp; r;<\/code> \u274c \u7f16\u8bd1\u62a5\u9519<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>2. \u4ece\u4e00\u800c\u7ec8<\/strong><\/td><td>\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u91cf\uff08<code>p = &amp;b<\/code>\uff09<\/td><td><strong>\u4e00\u65e6\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u7ec8\u751f\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u6307\u5411\uff01<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>3. \u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/strong><\/td><td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f <code>nullptr<\/code>\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u9700\u8981\u5224\u65ad <code>if(p)<\/code>\uff09<\/td><td><strong>\u7edd\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/strong>\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u6307\u5411\u67d0\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u201c\u4ece\u4e00\u800c\u7ec8\u201d\u7684\u5c0f\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5199 <code>ref = b;<\/code>\uff0c<strong>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba9 <code>ref<\/code> \u8f6c\u53bb\u5f15\u7528 <code>b<\/code><\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u628a <code>b<\/code> \u7684\u503c<strong>\u8d4b\u503c<\/strong>\u7ed9 <code>ref<\/code> \u6240\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u539f\u53d8\u91cf <code>a<\/code>\uff01<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u53d1\u660e\u5f15\u7528\uff1f\uff08C++ \u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u7684\u7528\u5fc3\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f20\u6307\u9488\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#D4D4D4;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(2 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>\/\/ C \u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f20\u6307\u9488\nvoid swap(int* x, int* y) {\n    int temp = *x; \/\/ \u5fc5\u987b\u5199\u4e00\u5806 *\n    *x = *y;\n    *y = temp;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    int a = 1, b = 2;\n    swap(&amp;a, &amp;b); \/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u624b\u52a8\u53d6\u5730\u5740 &amp;\n}<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.5 12.75l6 6 9-13.5\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 003.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 006 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 012.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0118 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 018.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25 2.25v6\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ C \u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f20\u6307\u9488<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">swap<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int*<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int*<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> temp = *x;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ \u5fc5\u987b\u5199\u4e00\u5806 *<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    *x = *y;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    *y = temp;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> a = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">, b = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">swap<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(&amp;a, &amp;b);<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u624b\u52a8\u53d6\u5730\u5740 &amp;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u8bed\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u7e41\u7410\uff0c\u6ee1\u5c4f\u5e55\u90fd\u662f <code>*<\/code> \u548c <code>&amp;<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C++ \u5f15\u5165\u5f15\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u6bd4\u4f18\u96c5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#D4D4D4;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(2 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>\/\/ C++ \u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f20\u5f15\u7528\nvoid swap(int&amp; x, int&amp; y) { \/\/ x \u662f a \u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0cy \u662f b \u7684\u522b\u540d\n    int temp = x; \/\/ \u50cf\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\uff01\n    x = y;\n    y = temp;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    int a = 1, b = 2;\n    swap(a, b); \/\/ \u76f4\u63a5\u4f20 a \u548c b\uff0c\u5e72\u51c0\u5229\u843d\uff01\n}<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.5 12.75l6 6 9-13.5\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 003.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 006 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 012.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0118 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 018.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25 2.25v6\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ C++ \u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f20\u5f15\u7528<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">swap<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">) {<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ x \u662f a \u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0cy \u662f b \u7684\u522b\u540d<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> temp = x;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ \u50cf\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\uff01<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    x = y;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    y = temp;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> a = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">, b = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">swap<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(a, b);<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ \u76f4\u63a5\u4f20 a \u548c b\uff0c\u5e72\u51c0\u5229\u843d\uff01<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u5e95\u5c42\u771f\u76f8\uff1a\u5f15\u7528\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4e2a\u5565\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f15\u7528\u5728 C++ \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c<strong>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5e38\u6307\u9488\uff08<code>Type\\* const<\/code>\uff09\u201d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#D4D4D4;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(1 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>int&amp; ref = a;\nref = 20;<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.5 12.75l6 6 9-13.5\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 003.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 006 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 012.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0118 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 018.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25 2.25v6\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">&amp; ref = a;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">ref = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u4e3a\u4f60\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#D4D4D4;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(1 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>int* const ref = &a; \/\/ \u81ea\u52a8\u5e2e\u4f60\u53d6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e14\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u5411\n*ref = 20;            \/\/ \u81ea\u52a8\u5e2e\u4f60\u52a0 * \u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5bb9<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.5 12.75l6 6 9-13.5\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 003.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 006 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 012.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0118 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 018.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25 2.25v6\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">* <\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> ref = &amp;a;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\"> \/\/ \u81ea\u52a8\u5e2e\u4f60\u53d6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e14\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u5411<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">*ref = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">;<\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">            \/\/ \u81ea\u52a8\u5e2e\u4f60\u52a0 * \u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u770b\u660e\u767d\u4e86\u5427\uff1f<strong>\u5f15\u7528\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u201d<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u628a\u6307\u9488\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u53d6\u5730\u5740\uff08<code>&amp;<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff08<code>*<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u5224\u7a7a\uff08<code>nullptr<\/code>\uff09\u5168\u90fd\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4e86\uff0c<strong>\u628a\u65b9\u4fbf\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7559\u7ed9\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5199\u6cd5\uff1a<code>const<\/code> \u5f15\u7528<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5199\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 <code>string<\/code> \u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5927\u7c7b\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<strong><code>const \u7c7b\u578b&amp;<\/code><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#D4D4D4;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(1 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"\u590d\u5236\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>\/\/ \u65e2\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u62f7\u8d1d\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017\uff08\u9ad8\u6548\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u9632\u6b62\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u539f\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5b89\u5168\uff09\nvoid printMessage(const std::string&amp; str) {\n    \/\/ str.append(\"!\"); \/\/ \u274c \u7f16\u8bd1\u62a5\u9519\uff01const \u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\u539f\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u88ab\u6539\u52a8\n    cout &lt;&lt; str &lt;&lt; endl;\n}<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.5 12.75l6 6 9-13.5\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 003.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 006 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 012.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0118 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 018.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 00-2.25 2.25v6\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ \u65e2\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u62f7\u8d1d\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017\uff08\u9ad8\u6548\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u9632\u6b62\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u539f\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5b89\u5168\uff09<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">printMessage<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4EC9B0\">std<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">::<\/span><span style=\"color: #4EC9B0\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">str<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">    \/\/ str.append(&quot;!&quot;); \/\/ \u274c \u7f16\u8bd1\u62a5\u9519\uff01const \u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\u539f\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u88ab\u6539\u52a8<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">    cout &lt;&lt; str &lt;&lt; endl;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6307\u9488<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5b58\u7684\u662f\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u6362\u6307\u5411\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\uff08\u7075\u6d3b\u4f46\u5371\u9669\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5f15\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u522b\u4eba\u7684<strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0e\u539f\u53d8\u91cf\u540c\u751f\u5171\u6b7b\uff0c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u540e\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u4e66\u5199\u7b80\u6d01\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u540e\u770b\u5230 <code>int&amp;<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u201c<strong><code>a<\/code> \u7684\u5916\u53f7<\/strong>\u201d\u4e94\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u5f7b\u5e95\u901a\u900f\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883 ubuntu\u4e0b\u7684g++\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u968f\u7740gcc\u4e00\u8d77\u5b89\u88c5\u7684 \u7f16\u8bd1\u6307\u4ee4 string\u7c7b\u578b \u5728c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u6ca1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":430,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-517","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cpp"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/517","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=517"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/517\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":519,"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/517\/revisions\/519"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/430"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=517"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=517"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millscience.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}